Image formats

There are many graphic file formats, if we include the proprietary types. The PNG, JPEG, and GIF formats are most often used to display images on the Internet. These graphic formats are listed and briefly described below, separated into the two main families of graphics: raster and vector.


Image file formats(raster)

PNG

The PNG (Portable Network Graphics) file format is regarded and was made as the free and open successor to the GIF file format. The PNG file format supports true color (16 million colors) whereas the GIF file format only allows 256 colors. PNG excels when the image has large areas of uniform color. The lossless PNG format is best suited for editing pictures, and the lossy formats like JPG are best for final distribution of photographic-type images because of smaller file size. Many older browsers do not yet support the PNG file format. The Adam7-interlacing allows an early preview even when only a small percentage of the data of the image has been transmitted.


JPEG
The JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) image files are a lossy format. The DOS filename extension is JPG, although other operating systems may use JPEG. Nearly all digital cameras have the option tosave images in JPEG format. The JPEG format supports 16-bit color and produces relatively small file sizes. Fortunately, the compression in most cases does not detract noticeably from the image. But JPEG files do suffer generational degradation when repeatedly edited and saved. Photographic images are best stored in a lossless non-JPEG format if they will be re-edited in future, or if the presence of small "artifacts" (blemishes), due to the nature of the JPEG compression algorithm, is unacceptable. JPEG is also used as the image compression algorithm in many Adobe PDF files.

TIFF

The TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) is a flexible image format that normally uses a filename extension of TIFF or TIF. TIFF's flexibility is both a feature and a curse, with no single reader capable of handling all the different varieties of TIFF files. TIFF can be lossy or lossless. Some types of TIFF offer relatively good
lossless compression for bi-level (black and white, no grey) images. Some high-end digital cameras have the option to save images in the TIFF format, using the LZW compression algorithm for lossless storage. The TIFF image format is not widely supported by web browsers, and should not be used on the World Wide Web. TIFF is still widely accepted as a photograph file standard in the printing industry. TIFF is capable of handling device-specific color spaces, such as the CMYK defined by a particular set of printing press inks.


RAW

The RAW image format is a file option available on some digital cameras. It usually uses a lossless compression and produces file sizes much smaller than the TIFF format. Unfortunately, the RAW format is not standard among all camera manufacturers and some graphic programs and image editors may not accept the RAW format. The better graphic editors can read some manufacturer's RAW formats, and some (mostly higher-end) digital cameras also support saving
images in the TIFF format directly. There are also separate tools available for converting digital camera raw image format files into other formats, one such tool being Dave Coffin's dcraw, which is made available under a combination of GNU General Public License and public domain licenses.

Adobe's Digital Negative Specification is a recent (September 2004) attempt at standardizing the various "raw" file formats used by digital cameras.

GIF

GIF (Graphic Interchange Format) is limited to an 8-bit palette, or 256 colors. This makes the GIF format suitable for storing graphics with relatively few colors such as simple diagrams, shapes and cartoon style images. The GIF format supports animation and is still widely used to provide image animation effects.


BMP

The BMP (bit mapped) format is used internally in the Microsoft Windows operating system to handle graphics images. These files are typically not compressed resulting in large files. The main advantage of BMP files is their wide acceptance and use in Windows programs. Their large size makes them unsuitable for file transfer. Desktop backgrounds and images from scanners are usually stored in BMP files.


XPM

The XPM format is the default X Window System picture format (very popular in the Linux world). Its structure is based on the string format of the C programming language. Because XPM was designed to be human-readable, and is stored as uncompressed plain-text, the file size of these pictures can be more than twice as large as uncompressed binary bitmap files (such as BMP, uncompressed TIFF, MacOS-PICT, or Irix-RGB formats). This format is unsupported by most non-Unix software and operating systems (though many web-browsers retain display support for the XBM subset, which was the minimal image format in the early days of the WWW).

MrSID

The MrSID (Multiresolution Seamless Image Database) format is a wavelet compression format used mostly by Geographic Information Systems to store massive satellite imagery for map software.

Vector formats
As opposed to the raster image formats above (where the data describes the characteristics of each individual pixel), vector image formats contain a geometric description which can be rendered smoothly at any desired display size.

SVG

SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) is an open standard created and developed by the World Wide Web Consortium to address the need (and attempts of several corporations) for a versatile, scriptable and all-purpose vector format for the web and otherwise. The SVG format does not have a compression scheme of its own, but due to the textual nature of XML, an SVG graphic can be compressed using a program such as gzip. Because of its scripting potential, SVG is a
key component in web applications: interactive web pages that look and act like applications

GIF and JPEG are currently the primary file types for graphics on the Internet. This article provides an overview of each of them, as well as when each format should be used.

The GIF Format

The GIF format is one of the most popular formats on the Internet. Not only is the format excellent at compressing areas of images with large areas of the same color, but it is also the only option for putting animation online (unless you want to use Flash or other vector-based animation formats, which typically cost more). The GIF89a format also supports transparency, and interlacing.

GIF files support a maximum of 256 colors, which makes them practical for almost all graphics except photographs. The most common method of reducing the size of GIF files is to reduce the number of colors on the palette. It is important to note that GIF already uses the LZW compression scheme internally to make images as small as possible without losing any data

When to use them
Generally, GIF files should be used for logos, line drawings and icons. Avoid using it for photographic images, and graphics which have long stretches of continuous-tone in them. When you're designing GIF files, avoid using gradients and turn off anti- aliasing where possible to minimize the file size.



The JPEG Format

The JPEG format, with its support for 16.7 million colors, is primarily intended for photographic images. The internal compression algorithm of the JPEG format, unlike the GIF format, actually throws out information. Depending on what settings you use, the thrown out data may or may not be visible to the eye. Once you lower the quality of an image, and save it, the extra data cannot be regained so be sure to save the orginal



When to use
As a rule, the JPEG format should be used on photographic images, and images which do not look as good with only 256 colors.

Free International Calls to Anywhere in the World!!

Sounds unbelievable? Too good to be true? You think its a scam? You don’t trust me, do you? or you think there is a catch? Well, there is one. But hey!! that’s not a catch, its a limitation. And the limitation is the call can last for a maximum of 5 mins.

Come on! That’s not a big deal. You can make as many calls as you like in a day! That’s not such a big limitation for a freebie right? when you can make free international calls anywhere in the world. It doesn’t matter where you live, you can now make totally free international calls anywhere you like.

USA’s largest and first free directory assistance service, 1-800-FREE411 has launched yet another awesome service which could be a boon to people who want to make free international calls from USA. Don’t give up if you are not in USA, I will explain how you can use this service to make calls irrespective of where you live!

How to use 1-800-FREE411 to make Free International calls from USA?

1) You need to call a toll-free number, so if you call from Landline its a free call for you. Mobile calls am afraid could be charged (local charges).

2) You can talk upto five minutes per call. You can make multiple calls.

3) Call 18003733411 from your US Landline/Mobile. The operator will greet you with a welcome message and ask you to select one of the FREE411 service. The Last option is Free Call. You don’t have to press any number or key to select but instead say FREE CALL loudly in your phone. This voice message will be read by their server and you will go to next step to actually make a free international call. Now they will run a short ad about 5 secs. When the ad stops, you can start dialing your international number in countycode+citycode (if any)+phone number format. Please do not press # or *, its not required. The call will be automatically placed to the desired number. The operator prompts your call is getting connected. Once connected you can talk for upto 5 minutes and then your call is disconnected.

How to make free International Internet Phone calls from outside USA?

Awww… you poor soul. You don’t live in US? Don’t worry. i will still let you know how to make free International calls using 1-800-FREE411. Previously we have seen how to make free calls to US using services like Jaxtr, Skype, Google Talk etc. But the best way out is to use Yahoo Messenger to call US for free.

Yes, not many people know that Yahoo Messenger Voice can be used to make unlimited toll-free calls to any toll-free number in USA from anywhere in the world and you do not need a yahoo voice paid account.

So, just go to yahoo messenger and dial 18003733411. Your call will be connected and you would notice a prompt, which says there is no charge for this call. Now follow the 3rd step as mentioned above for US based users.

Please note that this service is totally advertisement based so please do not abuse/violate the system. So, what are you waiting for? Go ahead and enjoy making Free International calls from anywhere in the world!!

Thanks VoipGuides!

***Make Free or Cheap calls using Skype Mobile Client***

Skype is well known service to make free calls and cheap calls to some countries, and is generally used by computer users. But computers are not portable and so you can’t utilize it to call every time you want. This is where mobiles help out, but Skype can’t adjust with Symbian mobiles right away, there needs to be a client which can make Skype run well with mobiles.

So here is a free Skype client called iSkoot -

iSkoot is a client through which you can make calls to anyone in the world, or can receive calls and also chat through its IM service. International calls can be made in a very cheap price with its SkypeOut service.

The iSkoot technology works in what I think is a bit of a roundabout manner. When you place a call, their software determines what local access point worldwide to direct your call to. Then, your phone dials out (via a regular cell phone call) to an iSkoot server which connects to skype to complete the rest of the connection to your destination phone number.

Installation of iSkoot can be done only with Symbian 9.1 Series 60 3rd Edition and Symbian 9.2 Series 60 3rd Edition.
The mobile phones which can install iSkoot are -
Nokia 3250, Nokia 5500, Nokia 5700 XPress, Nokia E61, Nokia E61i, Nokia E62, Nokia E90, Nokia N73, Nokia N75, Nokia N76, Nokia N78, Nokia N80, Nokia N81, Nokia N95, Nokia N95 8GB.

Register and download iSkoot

***Free VoIP Calls To Any Phone From Google Talk***

Google Talk users can now make free VoIP calls international calls
thorugh GTalk2VoIP. It is an online radio, VoIP and SMS service
provider for Google Talk and other popular IM clients like Windows Live
Messenger, Yahoo etc. Due to the recent partnership between Talkster
and GTalk2VoIP, users can now make fast and free calls to any number in
the world.
All the other free VoIP services require registration, but you don’t
need any registration with GTalk2VoIP. Now let’s take a look at how you
can make these calls using Google Talk.

How To Make Free VoIP Calls To Any Phone From Google Talk

1. Open GTalk (desktop version), and press the Add button to add a contact.
2. Type in the phone number of the person you want
to call in the following format and add. Use full phone number,
including country code and area code (Example: for UK, use
442071234567@talkster.gtalk2voip.com)
3. If you’ve entered a valid number, it will be
added to your contacts list and you will be able to make free calls to
that number any time later.
For more detailed instructions, visit the official site
Currently, free VoIP calls can be made to any of the 30+ major countries. Make sure you check Talkster’s supported countries list.

Here is the list-
http://www.talkster.com/Countries.aspx

What is the best music search engine?

Code:

www.mp3zr.com

www.sharovar.com

The Best Muzic Search Engine I've stumbled Upon -

Code:

http://www.dilandau.com/

Code: http://www.dilandau.com/


The best is Grooveshar and the best sound quality.

Code:

http://listen.grooveshark.com/

Enjoy

Code:

http://www.verned.com/

http://skreemr.com/

Enjoy

Code: http://www.mp3rocket.com/

Code: http://fizy.com/

Code: http://findtoyou.com/music/

Code: www.beemp3.com

Code: www.albumhunt.com

Code: http://www.mmusicz.com

Sound Effects

Well guys this is what i had for good sound output i hope u like it..

Code:

http://www.findsounds.com/ ---> great search for specific sound f/x's http://www.musicrobot.com/ ---> another search type, not as good http://www.stonewashed.net/ ---> compilation of sites http://soundresource.net/ http://www.loopasonic.com/ http://www.sound4flash.de/ http://www.dailywav.com/ http://www.wavcentral.com/ http://www.wavsite.com/ http://www.soundoftheweb.com/ http://www.soundcentral.com/

AWESOME Real Time GPS Tracking for FREE on your phone!

Hey guys and gals, I cant put into words how excited I am about this. Maybe im just an odd nut and need a better life! A local spy store sells a real time tracking phone for 450.00 and then a case with magnets on it for another 50. Then another 50 gets you a modded cable that plugs into 3 9volt batteries for longer battery life. My cousin bought one and I immediately dumped and read the phone. I ended up only getting names/bits/pieces but from there I found

Code:

http://www.instamapper.com

They give you the java (Jar or Jad Etc..) file to load to your phone. Or you can use the phone if it has net access to download the file. You install it, register for free and BAM your on. I now have tracking on 2 of my phones! I set it at 30 second intervals. As long as you have data service on your plan then this will cost you nothing but an hour of your time!


This is great. Its no cost as long as you have service. It works on many phones.

Amazing Image!Reply Please!

---

How Is It?

REPLY Please!

One of the most beautiful web sites

Follow this link. It's shockingly amazing.

Code:

http://www.saizenmedia.com/nightwish/

Nod 32 Licences websites

Code:

http://www.for-ever.cn/nod32/

Code:

http://www.nod321.com/

Code:

http://www.taomail.com.cn/

Most of the time the sites are updated with new keys and show which are black listed. enjoy

Very nice site to send free sms to all over the world

Hi everybody ..
this site gives u credit to send 3 sms per day
all u shall do is to register and upload any picture and edit ur profile information to take the 3 sms to all over the world
very easy way to send sms without money
Thnx

http://www.talksms.com/cat/1.aspx/Q2BQ

Live football

Code:

http://www.iraqgoals.com/en/

Great Site For finding serial key for ur appz

halo guys i'm giving this great site for finding serial keys for ur fav application Code: http://www.youserials.com/ Your Key To Serial Numbers!

Chat Abbreviations And Symbols

Just a few seconds before writing this post, I had to go to attend nature’s call. As I was chatting with my friend, I told him BRB. I didn’t figure that he didn’t know it’s meaning and then had to give my time explaining him various chat acronyms. Here I am including the most commonly used chat words, as I want my readers to get used to this chat language.

AFAIK – As Far As I Know
AFK – Away From Keyboard
ASAP – As Soon As Possible
ASL – Age/Sex/Location
ASO – Ass Hole
BBL – Be Back Later
BBS – Be Back Soon
BBYE – Buh Bye
B4 – Before
BF – Boy Friend
BRB – Be Right Back
BTW – By The Way
BWL – Bursting With Laughter
C&G – Chuckle & Grin
COS/COZ – Because
CNP – Continued (in my) Next Post
CYC – Check Your Chat
CYA – See You
CYAL8R – See You Later
DLTBBB – Don’t Let The Bed Bugs Bite
D – The
FYI – For Your Information
FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions
FYN – Fine
GAL – Girl
GF – Girl Friend
GM – Good Morning
GN – Good Night
GFN – Gone For Now
IC – I See
IGP – I Gotta Pee
IOW – In Other Words
JK – Just Kidding
KK – Ok
LMAO – Laughing My Ass Off
LOL – Laughing Out Loud
LTNS – Long Time No See
OIC- Oh! I See
M/F – Male Or Female
MSG – Message
PLS – Please
PITA – Pain In The Ass
PMP – Peed My Pants
ROFL – Rolling On Floor Laughing
ROFLMAO – ROFL + LMAO
SWL – Screaming With Laughter
TGIF – Thank God It’s Friday
TC – Take Care
TFS – Thanks For Same
WTF/WTH – What the F / What the Heck

Common Symbols:
! – Comment
? – Question
121 – One To One
143 – I Love You
182 – I Hate You
2moro – Tomorrow
2nyt – Tonight
2U2 – To You Too
404 – Don’t Have A Clue
411 – Information
4Q – F*** You
<3 – Love/Heart
A3 – Anytime/Anyplace/Anywhere

A very informative site about Swine Flu

Thought I would share it with you guys:

Code:

http://swineflutips.info

_________________

Code:

http://www.bookmarkingdemon5.com Add pepper in powder form in all your eatings.It is a natural anti biotics.It really prevents swine flu.In tamil language there is a proverb "If you have 10 peppers in your hand you can have your lunch even in your enemy's house"

Fake Mailer - send anonymous emails to any email address

SEND FAKE EMAILS TO YOUR FRIENDS Code: Fake Mailer.net is a free tool designed to send fake emails to your friends and you decide which email address sent it. url: Code: http://fakemailer.net Lets you send emails and you get to pick who the email came from. enjoy guys

PEOPLE WHO CHANGED THE INTERNET

PEOPLE WHO CHANGED THE INTERNET

From its birth in the labs of Tim Berners-Lee back in 1992, to its interaction with the Napster in 1999, and its 2004 induction of Wikipedia: the Internet as we know it, has evolved drastically, been around the world literally, and changed the way humans live permanently.

Nothing can replace it, nothing is like it, and it has no alternative. The internet is like a diamond mine for the people who wish to acquire wealth, a profound lake of information for those who have an insatiable appetite for knowledge, and an eternal form of entertainment for those wish to amuse themselves.

With the passage of time, people from amongst us have emerged with the craziest of ideas to test and enhance the potential of this God’s gift to mankind. And it is due to the efforts of these noble souls, that we have the entire world at the simple tap of our fingers.

Sir Tim Berners-Lee – World Wide Web

Sir Tim Berners-Lee; the father of World Wide Web. On 25 December 1990 he implemented the first successful communication between an HTTP client and server via the Internet with the help of Robert Cailliau and a young student staff at CERN.

Sir Tim Berners-Lee is also the founder of World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) at Massachusetts Institute of Technology which comprises of companies that are willing to create standards and improvements of the Web.

From my point of view, if it wasn’t for him, none of the below mentioned personalities existed.

Larry Page and Sergey Brin – Google Inc.

Two PhDs from Stanford University started work in the garage of a friend’s. And they were defiantly not building steam engines!

They were, however, creating the internet’s most powerful search engine. Sergey Brin and Larry Page are arguably the world’s most successful Internet entrepreneurs and developers in history. This enabled them to earn billions, while assisting everyone from high school students to particle physicists have an easy time searching for information over the internet.

Google was first launched on Stanford’s website (google.stanford.edu) and then finally on Google.com in 1997. It is estimated that GOOGLE is worth about a staggering $25 billion dollars.

David Filo and Jerry Yang – Yahoo! Inc.

Yahoo! too is the creation of two Stanford University’s Electrical Engineer graduates, called Jerry Yang and David Filo. Yang started by listing web pages on the Internet and named it “Jerry’s Guide to the World Wide Web”. Then, he decided to switch it to Yahoo! and the initial URL was at akebono.stanford.edu/yahoo

In December 1994, that particular website had already received over a million hits. Realizing its potential, David Filo and Jerry Yang got serious and diversified Yahoo! as a web portal.

David Filo’s net worth is $2.9 billion dollars and Jerry Yang’s is $2.3 billion dollars.

Bill Gates – Microsoft

William Henry “Bill” Gates III, is an American business magnate, philanthropist, the world’s third richest person (as of February 8, 2008), and chairman of Microsoft, the software company he founded with Paul Allen.

Gates is one of the best-known entrepreneurs of the personal computer revolution. In the later stages of his career, Gates has pursued a number of philanthropic endeavors, donating large amounts of money to various charitable organizations and scientific research programs through the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, established in 2000.

Gates also holds the record of being the Richest Person in the world for 15 consecutive years.

Steven Paul Jobs – Apple Inc.

Steven Paul Jobs is the co-founder, Chairman, and CEO of Apple Inc. and former CEO of Pixar Animation Studios.

In the late 1970s, Jobs, with Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak, created one of the first commercially successful personal computers. In the early 1980s, Jobs was among the first to see the commercial potential of the mouse-driven GUI (Graphical User Interface)

After losing a power struggle with the board of directors in 1985, Jobs resigned from Apple and founded NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in the higher education and business markets.

Jobs is currently the Walt Disney Company’s largest individual shareholder and a member of its Board of Directors. He is considered a leading figure in both the computer and industries.

Mark Zuckerberg – Facebook

One of the most admired and successful youngster of the 21st century is a 24 years old Harvard graduate – the world’s youngest billionaire, with an estimated net worth of $1.5 billion

He founded Facebook, the online social networking website. Zuckerberg launched The Facebook (FaceMatch) from his Harvard dorm room in 2004 and started promoting it to all Ivy League schools and some Boston institutions.

Soon, he bought over Facebook.com domain name. Facebook is now a household name with people of all ages, groups and interests, interacting with each other. Its business and pleasure at the same time!

Kevin Rose – Digg

You all know Kevin, don’t you? Perhaps one of the most respected internet idealist and TV show host, Kevin Rose has definitely placed a huge impacts among all Digg users.

He became well known as an on-air talent and later as a co-host working on TechTV’s popular show The Screen Savers (which later became Attack of the Show! ) until his departure from the network on May 2005.

He also co-founded Pownce and Revision3 besides his popular Digg.com, social-bookmarking website. He created Digg in 2004 by hiring a freelance programmer who Kevin Rose paid $12 per hour through eLance.

Kevin Rose later bought Digg.com domain name for $1,200 and then went on to buy larger server space. Digg received an ultra boost of capitals when they received $2.8 million of venture capital from Omidyar Network, Netscape co-founder Marc Andreessen and Greylock Partners.

Jimmy Wales – Wikipedia

Jimmy Wales is the co-founder of Wikipedia: a free and open content encyclopedia launched in 2001. He is also the co-founder of Wikia, a privately own web hosting company set up in 2004.

Jimmy Wales at first started a peer-reviewed, open-content encyclopedia which is Nupedia. He then utilized the ideas of Nupedia with his “wiki” software to form today’s Wikipedia.

His work with Wikipedia, which has become the world’s largest encyclopedia, prompted Time magazine to name him in its 2006 list of the world’s most influential people.

Chad Hurley and Steve Chen – YouTube

Chad Hurley (aged 28) and Steve Chen (aged 27) became the founders of the popular San Bruno, California-based video sharing website YouTube, one of the biggest providers of videos on the Internet.

Chad Hurley used to work for eBay’s PayPal in the designing department where he designed their logo. Together with PayPal colleagues, Jared Karim and Steve Chen, Chad founded YouTube in 2005.

Google later acquired YouTube at $1.65 billion dollars.

Jeff Preston Bezos – Amazon

Jeff Bezos is the founder, chairman of board, president and the chief executive officer of Amazon.com, a major e-commerce company that sells goods through the Internet. His net worth is currently at $8.2 billion dollars.

He was named Time magazine Person of the Year in 1999.

Thomas Anderson – MySpace

Thomas “Tom” Anderson is the President of the social networking website, MySpace. He is one of the people identified as a founder of the site, along with CEO Chris DeWolfe.

Since newly created MySpace accounts include Tom as a default “friend,” he has become known as the face of MySpace. As of November 20, 2008, Tom has over 250 million “friends”, a number which is constantly increasing due to new MySpace accounts being created.

In 2003, working for eUniverse under the preview of Brad Greenspan he and a few other eUniverse employs set up the first pages of MySpace and the site grew from there. It is currently the most popular social networking website in the United States, and is the most popular website for teenagers as well.

Interesting Fact: According to several sources, in 1985 then 14-year-old San Pasqual High School (Escondido, California) student Tom Anderson was a computer hacker operating under the alias “Lord Flathead“.

He was known for leading a team that broke into Chase Manhattan Bank computers, altered records and left a message saying that unless he was given free use of the system he would destroy records. He was never charged.

Linus Torvalds – Linux

Linus Benedict Torvalds is a Finnish software engineer best known for having initiated the development of the Linux kernel. He later became the chief architect of the Linux kernel, and now acts as the project’s coordinator.

Initially Torvalds wanted to call the kernel he developed “Freax” – a combination of “free”, “freak”, and the letter X to indicate that it is a Unix-like system, but his friend Ari Lemmke, who administered the FTP server where the kernel was first hosted for downloading, named Torvalds’ directory linux.

Since Linux has had thousands of contributors, such a percentage represents a significant personal contribution to the overall amount of code. Torvalds remains the ultimate authority on what new code is incorporated into the standard Linux kernel.

Jack Dorsey – Twitter

Jack Dorsey is an American software architect and businessperson best known as the creator of Twitter – a free social networking and micro-blogging service. BusinessWeekTechnology Review named him to the TR35, an outstanding innovator under the age of 35. called him one of technology’s best and brightest. MIT’s

Dorsey, Stone and Williams co-founded Obvious which then spun off Twitter Inc. As chief executive officer, Dorsey saw the startup through two rounds of funding by the venture capitalists who back the company. In October 2008 Williams took over the role of CEO, and Dorsey became chairman of the board.

As the service grew in popularity, Dorsey had to choose improving uptime as top priority— even over creating revenue, which as of 2008, Twitter was not designed to earn.

How To Trace Your Emails Back To The Source

Most people won’t notice this, but emails actually arrive in your inbox with a ‘receipt’, which contains a lot of information about the sender. In order to find the sender’s identity, we only need to retrieve an IP address, but inside the email header we can also find the originating domain, reply-to address and sometimes even the email client, for example Thunderbird.

Why would you want to find out the identity of the sender? Well, you may have heard of shady email scams or emails supposedly from Paypal inviting you to re-enter your personal information. Now, you can determine if an email is truly from the authentic source.

Accessing the email header is different for every email provider or email application, and sometimes, it is even hidden. In most of the cases however, the option to reveal the full header will be somewhere in the area where the subject and sender name are provided.

For example, the Yahoo! Mail header is in the upper right corner of the sender box, which is pointed out in the screenshot above. When you click Show Original, a text file will open in a new tab. This file contains all the necessary headers at the start. They are highlighted in screenshots.

And this is how the full email header appears in Yahoo! Mail:

For Gmail, the header is hidden under ‘Show Original’ – which will show you the complete email in plain text, including the header.

The example below is the header from an email I received in GMail.

In order to find out the IP address of the original sender, we need to look closely at the first half of the header. Somewhere in there, you’ll find a domain name and an IP address. Particularly, take a closer look at the term ‘Received: from’:

The first ‘Received: from’ line gives us the IP address of the server which forwarded the email to my Gmail address.

Received: from smtp110.biz.mail.mud.yahoo.com(smtp110.biz.mail.mud.yahoo.com [68.142.201.179])

If we continue our search, the second ‘Received: from’ line gives us the originating IP address.

Received: from unknown (HELO ?192.168.0.100?) (chaz@68.108.204.242 with plain)

This means that Chaz, located at 68.108.204.242 sent me an email.

The next line will only appear if the email was sent using an email application residing on the sender’s computer, like Thunderbird or Apple Mail. In our case:

X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.753.1)

If the user sent the email using the web interface, the string would have looked like this:

Received: from [158.143.189.83] by web56706.mail.re3.yahoo.com via HTTP

We have the originating IP address 68.108.204.242 . To find out who’s behind that IP address we need to do a reverse DNS lookup using a web service like DomainTools, the command line or from ‘Network Tools’ in Ubuntu.

In our case, we know that someone called Chaz from Atlanta, using Cox Communications – with an IP address 68.108.204.242, depending on the subnet mask, sent that email.

Alternatively, you could use a tool called Email Trace, that does the whole operation for you after inputing the full email header into the text box. It might not always work, so knowing how to do it the old fashion way might come in handy.

This proves useful if you’re trying to report a spammer to your ISP, find out where a certain person is located at the moment, or help you spot phishing emails. For example, PayPal couldn’t have sent an email from an IP address in China.

Terror in Mumbai --> Channel 4 Documentary

The untold story of 2008's terrorist attack, in the words of its victims and the gunmen. The programme contains graphic images and descriptions of the atrocity which may upset some viewers. Produced and directed by award-winning filmmaker Dan Reed, Terror in Mumbai tells the story of what happened when 10 gunmen held one of the world's busiest cities hostage; killing and wounding hundreds of people while holding India's crack security forces at bay.



Featuring footage of the attacks and interviews with senior police officers and hostages, including the testimony from Kasab - the sole surviving gunman, Dispatches reveals what happened, hour by hour, from the perspective of the security forces, the terrorists, their masterminds and the victims.

part 1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=edsRBijAx_U
part 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SXq8HpH_0Kw
part 3: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ujjuuqQF3Zk
part 4: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=exWd_dBLU1s
part 5: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R3bBk8Hc2UA
Or
http://rapidshare.com/files/250483958/dtim.part1.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/250485598/dtim.part2.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/250487060/dtim.part3.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/250488104/dtim.part4.rar

Please Stop terrorism :)

Explosions of nuclear bombs

Explosions of nuclear bombs

Code:

http://rapidshare.com/files/247519467/Atomove_bomby.part1.rar http://rapidshare.com/files/247518151/Atomove_bomby.part2.rar

no pass